[lose] {one's} voice

to temporarily or permanently be unable to speak or make vocal sounds due to a medical condition, strain, or illness

She had to cancel her singing performance because she lost her voice.
After shouting at the sports event, he lost his voice for a few days.
The teacher's sore throat made her lose her voice and take a break from lecturing.
If you sing with a cold, you might risk losing your voice temporarily.
The singer had to undergo vocal rest after losing her voice from overexertion.